
321 Live Audio Effect Reference
By changing the Mode from Shift to Ring, Frequency Shifter switches from classical frequency
shifting to ring modulation. In Ring mode, the selected frequency amount is added to and sub-
tracted from the input. For example, if the incoming audio signal (A) is a sine wave at 440 Hz
and the Frequency is set to 100 Hz (B), the output will contain partials at 340 Hz (A-B) and 540
Hz (A+B).
The Drive button enables a distortion effect, while the slider below it controls the level of the
distortion. Drive is only available in Ring mode.
Enabling the Wide button creates a stereo effect by inverting the polarity of the Spread value for
the right channel. This means that increasing the Spread value will shift the frequency down in
the right channel while shifting it up in the left. Note that Wide has no effect if the Spread value
is set to 0.
Frequency Shifter contains two LFOs to modulate the frequency for the left and right stereo chan-
nels. The LFOs have six possible waveform shapes: sine, square, triangle, sawtooth up, sawtooth
down and random. The extent of LFO influence on the frequency is set with the Amount control.
LFO speed is controlled with the Rate control, which can be set in terms of Hertz. Rate can also
be synced to the song tempo and set in meter subdivisions (e.g., sixteenth notes).
The Phase control lends the sound stereo movement by setting the LFOs to run at the same fre-
quency, but offsetting their waveforms relative to each other. Set this to ”180”, and the LFOs will
be perfectly out of phase (180 degrees apart), so that when one reaches its peak, the other is at
its minimum.
Spin detunes the two LFO speeds relative to each other. Each stereo channel is modulated at a
different frequency, as determined by the Spin amount.
When using the random waveform, the Phase and Spin controls are not relevant and do not af-
fect the sound.
The Dry/Wet control adjusts the balance between the processed and dry signals. This knob is
called Mix when Drive is enabled. Note that the Drive effect is post-Mix, which means that you
can use Frequency Shifter as a pure distortion effect by enabling Drive and setting Mix to 0%.
Frequency shifting is accomplished by simply adding or subtracting a value in Hertz to the in-
coming audio. This is distinct from pitch shifting, in which the ratios of the incoming frequencies
(and thus their harmonic relationships) are preserved. For example, imagine you have an incom-
ing audio signal consisting of sine waves an octave apart at 440 Hz and 880 Hz. To pitch shift
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